I think that Scott's article in the BMLA in 2001 is very
much to 
the point. I would go further, and would be interested in 
comments on my analysis of the legal position.

1.  The personal subscriber is in breach of the contract of
sale 
under which the personal subscription is supplied.  That
there is 
no written contract or terms and conditions is not
necessarily 
relevant.  A contract can be implied from conduct, and from

evidence of custom and practice.  A contract will then be
implied 
by the court.  There is enough 'custom and practice' on
personal 
subscriptions for it to be clear what the terms and
conditions of 
supply are - you only have to look at Scott's article to see
that 
the position is clear and understandable.

2.  While the doctrine of first sale applies in the USA
(although 
there appears to be no similar specific and direct provision
in 
most other countries' copyright laws), the library that
accepts 
donated copies of a journal held on personal subscription
lays 
itself open to legal action:

a.  If it encourages faculty to donate personal subscription

copies to the library, it is inducing a breach of contract,
which 
is actionable. Personal subscriptions are accepted for the 
individual's personal use, not for the use of library
patrons in 
general.

b.  If it uses such donated copies as 'library copies', it
lays 
itself open to action for fraud.

c.  If individual librarians, or the library as a matter of

policy, actively encourage faculty to make such donations in

order to 'save the library money', it is arguable that a
criminal 
offence may have been committed, which in the UK is called 
'obtaining a pecuniary advantage by deception', or, in plain

language, fraud.

So what would be likely to happen?  If a library
systematically 
accepts personal subscription donations and cancels its 
institutional subscriptions, I predict that a group of
publishers 
would bring an action to stop it - i.e. an injunction.  The

personal subscribers would lose their subscriptions and find
it 
difficult to place another personal subscription with the
same 
publisher(s).  And the library might also face a claim for
the 
journal subscriptions it had knowingly replaced by such
personal 
subscriptions.

This exchange may well persuade journal publishers to be
quite 
explicit on their web sites and in each journal of the terms
and 
conditions that apply to personal as well as institutional 
subscriptions.  That would leave no doubt about the matter.

John Cox

Managing Director
John Cox Associates Ltd
Rookwood, Bradden
TOWCESTER, Northants NN12 8ED
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 (0) 1327 861184
Fax: +44 (0) 20 8043 1053
E-mail: John.E.Coxbtinternet.com
Web: www.johncoxassociates.com


-----Original Message-----
From: owner-liblicense-llists.yale.edu
[mailto:owner-liblicense-llists.yale.edu] On Behalf
Of T Scott 
Plutchak
Sent: 14 May 2008 20:41
To: liblicense-llists.yale.edu
Subject: RE: Institutional subscription question

I wrote about this a number of years ago in the BMLA (2001 
January; 89(1): 77-78)

I'm curious to see what others might think of my analysis: 
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fc
gi?artid=31708

T. Scott Plutchak
Director, Lister Hill Library of the Health Sciences
University of Alabama at Birmingham
tscottuab.edu

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-liblicense-llists.yale.edu
[mailto:owner-liblicense-llists.yale.edu] On Behalf
Of B.G. 
Sloan
Sent: Tuesday, May 13, 2008 6:56 PM
To: liblicense-llists.yale.edu
Subject: Institutional subscription question

A question came up on another list:

"Rather than have us cancel subscriptions because we
can't afford
them, we have faculty who wish to donate their personal
copies.
However, a question has arisen here regarding whether or not
this
would be legal."

Just wondering what people think about the idea of a
library
circumventing the institutional subscription cost of a
journal by
accepting donated copies of the journal from a faculty
member
with a personal subscription?

I'm interested in hearing what people think from a 
legal/contractual
perspective.

Thanks!

Bernie Sloan